In total, all analysed (except one) tumour pairs retained immunohistochemical expression for nestin and nectin-1, one of the major HSV receptors in cells35, both before and after injection (one tumour pair had insufficient material for pre-injection immunohistochemistry analysis) (Extended Data Fig. 6a,b and Supplementary Table 2b). The gene discussed is NECTIN1; the disease is neoplasm.