XIST and cancer: Even when OFD1 is unaltered, its expression and therefore DAP/cilia formation could be dampened by X chromosome silencing, which occurs due to erroneous XIST expression in some male cancer cells.63 Nonetheless damaging frameshift mutations in OFD1 have been detected in 29 cell lines58 (depmap.org) and several human cancers (cBioPortal).64 A recent study on the genomic landscape of cancers65 revealed reduced overall survival in patients with altered OFD1.