In this study, we found that the TXNIP level was elevated after MI and that TXNIP aggravated post-MI fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction by enhancing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, promoting the generation of the inflammatory cytokine IL1B and enhancing the TGFB1/Smad3 pathway. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and myocardial infarction.