We observed an indirect effect of SGLT2 inhibition on AF through the total concentration of lipoprotein particles (OR 0.88 [95% CI 0.81, 0.96], P = 0.004) (Bonferroni-corrected P value threshold = 0.025 [0.05/2]), with a mediated proportion of 8.03% (95% CI [1.20%, 14.34%], P = 0.010) of the total effect (Table 2; Fig. 3). Here, SLC5A2 is linked to atrial fibrillation.