A recent report proposed that the IFN-response, especially IFN-I, exacerbates inflammation in COVID-19 patients.28 In addition, 79 upregulated DEGs genes were shared between encephalopathy patients and non-encephalopathy patients in B cells (Supplementary Fig. 7a), which were majorly associated with humoral immune response, further suggesting a uniform immune response in B subset (Supplementary Fig. 7a). Here, IFNA1 is linked to COVID-19.