ACTA1 and myocardial infarction: In this study, we found that there was no significant change in α-SMA mRNA expression in the MI area of mice treated with Ts-AES at day 7 after MI, whereas the mRNA expression of α-SMA was significantly decreased on days 14 and 28 after MI, which is consistent with the reduced cardiac fibrosis observed in MI mice treated with Ts-AES (Fig. 4).