TNF and neoplasm: In addition, studies on Polycarpa aurata revealed that N,N-didesmethylgrossularine-1 (DDMG-1) 84 displayed inhibition against TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage-like RAW265.7 cells, indicating a potential ability in tumor elimination as TNF-α was widely associated in the growth, invasion, and cancer metastasis [69].