TNFSF10 and cancer: The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis is initiated when TRAIL binds to its DRs (DR4 or DR5) on the surface of cancer cells, triggering the formation of a death‐inducing signaling complex (DISC) that activates caspase‐8, which, in turn, activates downstream effector caspases (such as caspase‐3), leading to apoptosis.