Severe COVID-19 cases often lead to SIRS and is characterized by systemic elevations of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, G-CSF, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha, and TNF-alpha, with IL-6 noted as a significant contributor to SIRS [10,38]. Here, CCL2 is linked to systemic inflammatory response syndrome.