Finally, Seim et al., demonstrated that the pharmacological inhibition of RNS in activated macrophages has a significant impact on restoring the functional lipoic arms and activities of PDH and OGDH, suggesting a potential therapeutical relevance of RNS inhibition for numerous physiological and pathological conditions in which RNS accumulate, such as inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cancer (29). This evidence concerns the gene PDP1 and cancer.