Despite the glaringly low response rates for anti-PD(L)1/anti-CTLA4 monotherapies in unselected prostate cancer, the expression of immune checkpoints has been reported to be dynamic, and various agents such as ipilimumab, sipuleucel-T and enzalutamide can increase T cell infiltration into the TME and modulate response to anti-PD(L)1 therapy[44]. Here, CD274 is linked to prostate carcinoma.