In the NIA cohort, the levels of NDEVs-associated NRGN were elevated in AD samples compared to controls, whereas GAP43, PSD95, STXN1, and GluR2 were decreased (Figure 5A-E; NRGN, P = 0.025; GAP43, P < 0.001; PSD95, P = 0.002; STXN1, P = 0.011; GluR2, P < 0.001). Here, GAP43 is linked to Alzheimer disease.