Three ginsenoside derivatives, xl, 1c, and 8b, showed good anti-tumor activity against LC, and their anti-growth activity against LC cells partly involved β-catenin-mediated signaling, as these substances reduced the expression of β-catenin and its subsequent targets CCND1, CDK4, and Myc (Bi et al., 2014). Here, CCND1 is linked to laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.