Since inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity are risk factors for VCAM1 activation and further cardiovascular events (Ross, 1999; Davis et al., 2011; Yannakoulia and Panagiotakos, 2021), we proposed that nuciferine protects pro-inflammatory factor-induced activation of VCAM1. Here, VCAM1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.