PITX1 and neoplasm: Sorafenib is the first targeted drug approved for hepatocellular carcinoma, which can directly interact with PTP1B to reduce its activity, causing excessive phosphorylation of PITX1, promoting PITX1 stability, and promoting the expression of PITX1 and RASAL1, thereby inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and inactivation of the RAS gene, resulting in the promotion of tumor cell apoptosis by sorafenib (Figure 3).