In vivo IBD mouse studies comparing wildtype and Osm-/- showed that lack of OSM signaling led to a decrease in overall pathology (p<0.0001), leukocyte infiltration (p<0.0001), epithelial and goblet cell disruption (p<0.0001), area affected (p<0.0001), and severity of disease features (p<0.0005) (39). The gene discussed is OSM; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.