In one study of 264 Czech melanoma patient indicated for genetic testing due to presence early melanomas (<25 years old), presence of multiple primary melanomas or other cancers in their personal or family history, 71/254 (27%) of patients had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variant identified, 43/264 (16%) carried a mutation in a gene associated with melanoma or other cancer, 9/264 (3%) carried clinically important high-to-moderate melanoma risk genes (CDKN2A, POT1, ACD), and 22/264 (8%) in other cancer syndrome genes (NBN, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, ATM, WRN, RB1) (101). The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is cancer.