UMOD and autosomal dominant medullary cystic kidney disease with or without hyperuricemia: Misfolded proteins due to genetic mutations and the resultant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress represent one important cause of ER storage disease and toxic proteinopathy, including autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease due to uromodulin mutations (ADTKD-UMOD), Alzheimer’s disease1, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis2, Wolfram syndrome3, cystic fibrosis4 and α1-antitrypsin deficiency5.