NOX2 hyperactivation has been reported to be negatively predictive of survival in ALS patients independent from other factors (Marrali et al., 2014), and NOX2 expression was reported to be increased in microglia of ALS patients as well as in spinal cords of three different mouse ALS models by up to 10–60 times (Apolloni et al., 2013a, 2013b; Seredenina et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2006). The gene discussed is CYBB; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.