CYBB and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: Brain NOX2 expression is also increased in a experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis MS model (Zarruk et al., 2015), and its activation was shown to be key to the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) disease pathogenesis (Hu et al., 2021; Ravelli et al., 2019) as well as to the failure of hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity behind cognitive and behavioral alterations (Di Filippo et al., 2016), suggesting that NOX activation may be responsible for both tissue damage as well as for synaptic and cognitive deficits associated with MS.