AEPSa ameliorating diabetes through increasing Allobaculum, Alistipes, Lachnospiracae_NK4A136_group and norank_f_Muribaculaceae and decreasing Enterococcus and Ruminococcus_torques_group, inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.