Stimulation of CLL PBMCs with CpG+IL15 alone led to significant increases in smIgM (Supplementary Figure S5A), smIgD (Supplementary Figure S5B), CD19 (Supplementary Figure S5C), and CD5 (Supplementary Figure S5D); however, the changes for smCD19 were the greatest. This evidence concerns the gene CD5 and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.