There are various reports stating that IL-13 affects the intestinal microbiota in animal models (similar to the present study) [18], that IL-13 production is induced by bacterial and parasitic infections [35], that IL-13 promotes intestinal cell turnover [36], and that NSAIDs may injure the intestine through a TLR4-dependent pathway [37]. The gene discussed is IL13; the disease is parasitic infectious disease.