Elevated circulating levels of CHI3L1 have been observed in chronic inflammatory states such as RA, osteoarthritis (OA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), lichen planus, sarcoidosis, hepatic fibrosis, obesity, and other conditions [66,79,80]. This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.