PTEN and cholangiocarcinoma: Genetically engineered mouse models of CCA, such as Alb-Cre:KrasG12D:p53−/− and Alb-Cre:KrasG12D:Pten−/−, reportedly exhibit a relatively shorter tumor development duration and recapitulate human CCA with PI3K/AKT pathway alterations; however, these models frequently coexist in the development of HCC [25,26].