In this sense, Svenungsson et al. focused on the association between inflammation, dyslipoproteinemia, and cardiovascular disease in SLE patients, revealing high triglyceride and low HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels as disease activity markers and elevated levels of TNF-α/TNFR [16,47,56]. Here, TNF is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.