PIAS1 and neoplasm: Furthermore, the WB analysis showed that the expression levels of vimentin (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, a), PIAS1 (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, b), P62 (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, c), cathepsin B and D (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, d and E), SUMO2/3 (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, f), SUMO1 (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, g), and CDC42 (Additional file 4: Fig. S6B, h) were lower in the xenograft tumor tissues of Hct116 and LoVo control cells than in the PDCs (Fig. 7G).