CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Recently, the FDA approved immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) [3,6], such as anti-PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) nivolumab and pembrolizumab, anti-PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) atezolizumab and durvalumab, anti-cytotoxic T cell antigen 4 (CTLA-4) tremelimumab-actl, and other inhibitors [15,16,17], which have been investigated for NSCLC treatment, either as monotherapies or in combination with other therapies [3].