ESR1 and breast carcinoma: For instance, selective estrogen modulators (SERMs) such as tamoxifen or selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) such as fulvestrant, or aromatase inhibitors, sometimes in conjunction with CDK4/6 inhibitors, are used for ER-positive breast cancer, while the combination of Trastuzumab (Herceptin), Docetaxel (Taxotere), and Pertuzumab (Perjeta) can be employed for HER2-positive breast cancer [8,9,10,11].