It is worth noting that, in non-obese participants, after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, sex, HbA1c, smoking history, T2DM duration, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, and uric acid, the ORs of MALFD remained negatively associated with diabetic retinopathy but not with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (Table 5). The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.