Among active fighters, increasing levels of GFAP were correlated with lower thalamic (B =  - 1.42, 95% CI, - 2.34 to -0.49) and corpus callosum volumes, along with worsening scores on psychomotor speed (B = 0.14, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.27).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Longitudinal plasma GFAP levels may have a role in identifying individuals exposed to repetitive head impacts who are at risk of showing progressive regional atrophy and cognitive decline. This evidence concerns the gene GFAP and Mental deterioration.