Finally, STAT3 also promotes the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and so the generation of IL-1β, one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines highly expressed in ALS serum [32] and strongly implicated in neuroinflammation [131]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.