Azithromycin has also been shown to inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, promote the production of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and stimulate macrophage M2 polarization through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, as well as suppress the immune inflammatory response in SLE [73]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and systemic lupus erythematosus.