Another promising treatment currently being tested in a phase II clinical trial in patients with refractory Ewing sarcoma (NCT02511132) is FANG (or Vigil) immunotherapy: autologous Ewing sarcoma tumor cells transfected with a transgene expressing recombinant human GMCSF and bifunctional short hairpin RNA against furin. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and Ewing sarcoma.