Fifty‐nine consecutive patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early AD (Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE] >22) underwent CSF analysis for inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐7, IL‐8, Il‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNF‐α], interferon‐γ [IFN‐γ], granulocyte‐monocyte colony‐stimulating factor [GM‐CSF], granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor [G‐CSF]). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is Cognitive impairment.