A planned prospective observational analysis of the Early Intervention with Erythropoietin trial (EARLYARF) evaluated urinary γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, cystatin C (Cys-C), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the ability to diagnose AKI early in the disease process and predict the progression to severe AKI in a cohort of 529 intensive care patients [14, 15]. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and acute kidney injury.