In line with a link between altered stress reactivity and increased inflammation in overweight and obesity, a higher BMI was associated with increased peripheral cytokine levels (pMV = 0.006), including increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), IL-16, and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) among others (full list of partial correlations with p < 0.05: Fig. S2). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.