Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds the extracellular domain of EGFR with higher affinity than its main ligands EGF and tumor growth factor-alpha (TGFα)20, which has been approved to be used in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to treat HNSCC patients, mostly for those at advanced stage12,21,22. This evidence concerns the gene EGF and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.