Interestingly, although previous research has identified other USP1 deubiquitination targets as pro-oncogenic, including KPNA2 in breast cancer metastasis [23] and RPS16 in hepatocellular carcinoma [30], these were not identified as USP1 substrates in our CCA model, suggesting that USP1 may serve different functions in different cancer types. This evidence concerns the gene USP1 and breast carcinoma.