NF-κB, a proinflammatory transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in the progression of most cancers, is also important in oral cancer.36 In a previous study, the activation of NF-κB induced the proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis in OSCC cells and promoted OSCC-induced mandible destruction in a mouse model.37 Our findings, including the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of OSCC cells by gossypetin, can therefore be considered as anticancer effects related to the regulation of the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.