CSF3 and concussion: The early use of propranolol following severe traumatic head injury appears to be beneficial as it is known to blunt aspects of Cushing reflex which include early tachycardia, reduce hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilization, and results in a faster return to baseline of the inflammatory granulocyte colony-stimulating factor peak often seen with head injury (Fonseca et al., 2004; Cook et al., 2013; Bible et al., 2014) However, the degree to which propranolol benefits the mTBI patient is relatively unknown.