In univariate analysis, the factors associated with carotid atherosclerosis were the age ≥70 years (OR 3.28 [1,18–10.62]), T2DM newly diagnosed (OR 0.36 [0.14–0.88]), previous use of oral antidiabetics (OR 0.33 [0.14–0.73]) and insulin (OR 0.28 [0.11–0.66]). This evidence concerns the gene INS and carotid atherosclerosis.