And additional studies are needed to elucidate the network mechanisms behind the cAMP-AQP4-SPP1-PIK3C3 anti-inflammatory axis, T cell differentiation, and the pharmacological mechanisms associated with the anti-COPD of ISOF and an in-depth description of the ISOF mechanism for elevating cAMP. Here, AQP4 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.