An unexpected mutation, located in the promoter region of the α2-globin gene, Cap +14(C>G) [HBA2:c.-24C>G], was identified in two patients with HbE-β+-thalassemia with low HbF levels, whose β-globin genotype was βE/βMalay and βE/βDhonburi. This evidence concerns the gene HBA2 and thalassemia.