NOS1 and diabetes mellitus: It is well understood that diabetes is a state of extreme oxidative stress and when the mechanisms counteracting the stress are weakened, it leads to the death of ICCs [25]. One such example is the presence of heme oxygenase-1 in the macrophages, which increases carbon monoxide [26] in response to stress, leading towards an indirect rise in nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase) and ICCs, which regularize delayed gastric emptying [24]. The environment within the enteric nervous system is considerably affected by inflammation.