On the other hand, other recent studies who have also observed decreased total adiponectin and HMW adiponectin levels in PCOS women suggested that the lowered adiponectin levels occur independent ofBMI and insulin resistance and that the posttranscriptional/translational modifications contribute to the low levels of HMW adiponectin in PCOS [22]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.