RAGE expression levels in vivo have been found to be linked to many lung diseases, such as allergic airway inflammation, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PF, acute lung injury, cystic fibrosis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as well as pulmonary hypertension associated with the advanced glycation end products and its receptor axis [46, 47]. This evidence concerns the gene AGER and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.