We found higher levels of Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and TGFβ mRNAs bound to mutant Regnase-1 protein than those bound to wild-type Regnase-1 protein (Fig. 5G), suggesting that Regnase-1 may directly bind to and degrade these cytokines/chemokines in pancreatic tumor cells. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and pancreatic neoplasm.