MPO and atherosclerosis: In agreement, it has been previously shown that endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis during CVD have been related to upregulated cfDNA concentration [34], although a rise in cardiac cfDNA concentration circulating myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes, a marker for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release that was reported to an early biomarker in patients predisposed to CVD risk [35].