INS and nephrolithiasis: The combined results indicated that previous exposures may increase the risk of kidney stones, including smoking initiation, watching TV (sedentary behavior), urinary sodium, the urinary sodium/potassium ratio, the urinary sodium/creatinine ratio, serum calcium, 25OHD, eGFRcrea, eGFRcys, BMI, waist circumference, T2DM, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and hypertension.