This region is occupied by EVI1 in AML cell lines and also in primary AML patient samples, leading to aberrant ERG expression that maintains cells in an immature differentiation stage and constitutes a dependency in EVI1-driven AML.50,51 Furthermore, EVI1 can also directly bind to the promoter of the proto-oncogenic transcription factor PBX1 and activate its transcription52 (Figure 2A, left panel). This evidence concerns the gene PBX1 and acute myeloid leukemia.